This learning resource is available in interactive and printable formats. The interactive worksheet can be played online and assigned to students. The Printable PDF version can be downloaded and printed for completion by hand.
This engaging 250-word reading passage introduces fourth-grade students to the science behind rainbow formation, aligned with NGSS standard PS4.B. Students discover how sunlight interacts with water droplets in the air through refraction and reflection. The passage explains that each droplet acts like a tiny prism, bending and separating white light into its component colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Written at an appropriate reading level for Grade 4, the text uses clear, accessible language to explain complex concepts like refraction and the visible spectrum. The passage includes bolded key vocabulary terms with immediate definitions to support comprehension. Students learn why rainbows appear when the sun is behind them and rain is in front of them. This audio-integrated resource includes a simplified differentiated version for struggling readers, Spanish translations of both versions, a comprehensive glossary, multiple-choice questions testing recall and application, writing activities, and graphic organizers. The materials support hands-on investigations and classroom discussions about light and its properties, building foundational understanding of physical science concepts essential for elementary learners.
CONTENT PREVIEW
Expand content preview
Rainbows help us understand how light behaves and what white light is really made of. Image credit brigachtal / Pixabay.
A rainbow is a colorful arc of light that appears in the sky when sunlight shines through water droplets in the air. Rainbows help us understand how light behaves and what white light is really made of.
When sunlight enters a water droplet, something special happens. The light slows down and bends as it enters the droplet. This bending of light is called refraction. White light from the sun is actually made up of many different colors mixed together. As the light refracts, each color bends at a slightly different angle. This causes the white light to separate into its individual colors, creating what scientists call the visible spectrum.
Inside the droplet, the separated colors bounce off the back surface. This bouncing of light is called reflection. Then the light exits the droplet, bending again as it leaves. Each droplet acts like a tiny prism, which is an object that separates light into colors.
The colors always appear in the same order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. You can remember this order with the name "Roy G. Biv." You see a rainbow when the sun is behind you and rain or water droplets are in front of you. Millions of droplets work together to create the beautiful rainbow arc you see in the sky.
What causes white light to separate?
Each color bends at different anglesWater droplets are too smallThe sun is too brightColors mix together in droplets
What is refraction?
Light bouncing off a surfaceLight bending as it enters waterLight mixing with water dropletsLight creating heat energy
How many colors are in the spectrum?
Five colorsSix colorsSeven colorsEight colors
Why do water droplets create rainbows?
They absorb all the lightThey act like tiny prismsThey block the sunlight completelyThey turn light into electricity
When can you see a rainbow?
Sun in front, rain behind youSun behind, rain in frontSun directly above your headOnly at night with moonlight
What happens inside the water droplet?
Light disappears completelyLight changes to sound wavesLight reflects off the backLight turns into water
White light is made of one color.
TrueFalse
What does visible spectrum mean?
Colors we cannot see at allRange of colors in white lightOnly the color redInvisible light from the sun
Perfect For:
👩🏫 Teachers
• Reading comprehension practice
• Auto-graded assessments
• Literacy skill development
👨👩👧👦 Parents
• Reading practice at home
• Comprehension improvement
• Educational reading time
🏠 Homeschoolers
• Reading curriculum support
• Independent reading practice
• Progress monitoring
Reading Features:
📖
Reading Passage
Engaging fiction or nonfiction text
❓
Comprehension Quiz
Auto-graded questions
📊
Instant Feedback
Immediate results and scoring
📄
Printable Version
Download for offline reading
🔊
Read Aloud
Voice-over with word highlighting
Reviews & Ratings
No reviews yet. Be the first to share your experience!
Related Content
How Do Eyeglasses Help People See
This audio-integrated reading passage introduces Grade 4 students to the physical science concept of how lenses bend lig...
NGSS PS4.B
Why We See Colors
This 250-word reading passage introduces Grade 4 students to the foundational concept of how we see colors, aligned with...