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Physical Science Readers and Passages

How Things Move - reading educational content
How Things Move
This passage introduces kindergarteners to the basics of motion and forces, aligned with NGSS Standard K-PS2. Kids learn...
RL.1.1RL.2.2
Rolling and Sliding - reading educational content
Rolling and Sliding
This passage focuses on helping kindergarten students understand the differences between rolling and sliding, as outline...
K-PS2RL.1.1
Observing Sunlight and Heat - reading educational content
Observing Sunlight and Heat
This reading passage introduces children to the concept of how sunlight affects Earth’s surfaces. Using a relatable stor...
K-PS3-1RL.1.1
Warmth from the Sun - reading educational content
Warmth from the Sun
This reading passage tells the story of Liam at the beach, exploring how sunlight affects the temperature of rocks, sand...
K-PS3-1RL.1.1
Building Shade Structures - reading educational content
Building Shade Structures
In this passage, Alex and Mia use a simple tent to block sunlight and create a cooler place to play. By observing the ef...
K-PS3-1RL.1.1
Shade from the Sun - reading educational content
Shade from the Sun
In this story, Leo and Emma use an umbrella to block the sunlight and stay cool while playing in the park. By observing ...
K-PS3-1RL.1.1
The Marble Race - reading educational content
The Marble Race
This passage addresses NGSS K-PS2-2 through a simple engineering investigation with marbles. Students learn how ramp ste...
K-K-PS2-2RL.1.1
Billy's Bouncing Ball - reading educational content
Billy's Bouncing Ball
This passage supports NGSS K-PS2-2 learning by showing how design solutions can solve motion problems. Through trial and...
K-K-PS2-2RL.1.1
The Hot Playground - reading educational content
The Hot Playground
This passage explores NGSS K-PS3-1 through familiar playground experiences. Students observe how sunlight affects differ...
K-PS3-1RL.1.1
Beach Day Science - reading educational content
Beach Day Science
This passage addresses NGSS K-PS3-1 by comparing temperature differences in materials exposed to sunlight versus shade. ...
K-PS3-1RL.1.1
The Sun Shelter - reading educational content
The Sun Shelter
This passage addresses NGSS K-PS3-2 through a practical experiment with sun shelters. Students learn how designed struct...
K-PS3-2RL.1.1
Maria's Cool Shade Idea - reading educational content
Maria's Cool Shade Idea
This passage supports NGSS K-PS3-2 learning by showing how simple structures can protect plants from sun damage. Through...
K-PS3-2RL.1.1
The Freezing Point of Water - reading educational content
The Freezing Point of Water
This science reading passage, titled 'The Freezing Point of Water', introduces students to a key physical science concep...
MS-PS1-1RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Melting Point of Aluminum - reading educational content
The Melting Point of Aluminum
This science reading passage, 'The Melting Point of Aluminum,' introduces middle school students to the physical propert...
5-PS1MS-PS1-4RI.6.3RI.7.1
Do Protons and Electrons Have the Same Mass? - reading educational content
Do Protons and Electrons Have the Same Mass?
This reading passage, 'Do Protons and Electrons Have the Same Mass?', helps middle school students explore the massive d...
MS-PS1HS-PS1RI.6.3RI.7.1
How Many Neutrons Does Hydrogen Have? - reading educational content
How Many Neutrons Does Hydrogen Have?
This reading passage, 'How Many Neutrons Does Hydrogen Have?', introduces middle school students to atomic structure usi...
MS-PS1HS-PS1RI.6.3RI.7.1
Understanding Specific Heat - reading educational content
Understanding Specific Heat
This passage, 'Understanding Specific Heat,' explains the concept of specific heat to middle school students in an acces...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
Parts of an Atom - reading educational content
Parts of an Atom
This reading passage on Parts of an Atom provides middle school students with a structured and accessible explanation of...
MS-PS1-1RI.6.3RI.7.1
Chemical Bonds - reading educational content
Chemical Bonds
This reading passage on Chemical Bonds provides middle school students with a clear explanation of how and why atoms con...
MS-PS1-1RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Melting Point of Copper - reading educational content
The Melting Point of Copper
This reading passage, 'The Melting Point of Copper,' introduces middle school students to an important physical property...
5-PS1MS-PS1-4RI.6.3RI.7.1
Freezing Point Depression - reading educational content
Freezing Point Depression
This passage, 'Freezing Point Depression,' introduces students to the physical science concept of how adding substances ...
5-PS1MS-PS1-4RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Specific Heat of Copper - reading educational content
The Specific Heat of Copper
This middle school reading passage, 'The Specific Heat of Copper,' explores how copper responds to heat due to its low s...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
Atomic Structure - reading educational content
Atomic Structure
This reading passage on Atomic Structure provides middle school students with an accessible explanation of the fundament...
MS-PS1-1RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Melting Point of Substances - reading educational content
The Melting Point of Substances
This middle school science reading passage, titled 'The Melting Point of Substances', explores the physical property kno...
5-PS1MS-PS1-4RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Boiling Point of Water - reading educational content
The Boiling Point of Water
This passage, 'The Boiling Point of Water,' introduces students to the physical property of boiling point through one of...
5-PS1MS-PS1-4RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Mass of a Proton - reading educational content
The Mass of a Proton
This reading passage, 'The Mass of a Proton,' introduces middle school students to one of the smallest yet most importan...
MS-PS1HS-PS1RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Charge Does a Neutron Have? - reading educational content
What Charge Does a Neutron Have?
This middle school science passage, 'What Charge Does a Neutron Have?', teaches students about one of the key subatomic ...
MS-PS1HS-PS1RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is the Charge of a Proton? - reading educational content
What Is the Charge of a Proton?
This reading passage, 'What Is the Charge of a Proton?', introduces middle school students to the concept of electric ch...
MS-PS1HS-PS1RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Melting Point of Steel - reading educational content
The Melting Point of Steel
This engaging science passage, 'The Melting Point of Steel,' explains a key physical property of steel—its melting point...
5-PS1MS-PS1-4RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Specific Heat Capacity of Water - reading educational content
The Specific Heat Capacity of Water
This middle school science reading passage, 'The Specific Heat Capacity of Water,' explains how water's high specific he...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
The Specific Heat of Ice - reading educational content
The Specific Heat of Ice
This middle school science passage, 'The Specific Heat of Ice,' explains how ice has a lower specific heat than liquid w...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is Thermal Energy? - reading educational content
What Is Thermal Energy?
This middle school science passage, 'What Is Thermal Energy?', introduces students to the concept of energy from particl...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is the Difference Between Thermal Energy and Heat? - reading educational content
What Is the Difference Between Thermal Energy and Heat?
This passage, 'What Is the Difference Between Thermal Energy and Heat?', helps middle school students understand the key...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
How Does Heat Move? - reading educational content
How Does Heat Move?
This engaging middle school science passage introduces students to the basic principles of heat transfer, aligning with ...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is Conduction? - reading educational content
What Is Conduction?
This middle school science passage explains the concept of conduction, focusing on how heat moves through solids. Aligne...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is Conductivity? - reading educational content
What Is Conductivity?
This middle school science reading passage introduces students to the concept of conductivity, explaining how materials ...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is an Example of Conduction? - reading educational content
What Is an Example of Conduction?
This middle school science reading passage explains conduction through everyday examples, such as a hot metal spoon in s...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is a Temperature Gradient? - reading educational content
What Is a Temperature Gradient?
This engaging science passage introduces students to the concept of a temperature gradient, a key idea aligned with the ...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
Heat Transfer Rate - reading educational content
Heat Transfer Rate
This passage introduces students to the concept of heat transfer rate, aligned with NGSS standard MS-PS3-3. It explains ...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is Entropy in Energy? - reading educational content
What Is Entropy in Energy?
This passage introduces the concept of entropy in the context of energy, aligning with NGSS standard MS-PS3-4. It explai...
MS-PS3HS-PS3RI.6.3RI.7.1
What Is an Endothermic Reaction? - reading educational content
What Is an Endothermic Reaction?
This engaging science passage introduces middle school readers to the concept of endothermic reactions, aligned with NGS...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
What Is an Exothermic Reaction? - reading educational content
What Is an Exothermic Reaction?
This science passage introduces students to the idea of exothermic reactions—chemical changes that release heat or light...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
Is Freezing Endothermic or Exothermic? - reading educational content
Is Freezing Endothermic or Exothermic?
This clear and accessible passage helps students understand why freezing is an exothermic process, even though frozen ob...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
What Is Thermal Contraction? - reading educational content
What Is Thermal Contraction?
This middle school science passage introduces the concept of thermal contraction, aligned with NGSS standard MS-PS1-4. I...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
What Is Gravitational Energy? - reading educational content
What Is Gravitational Energy?
This engaging science passage for middle school students explores the concept of gravitational energy, a form of potenti...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
What Is Kinetic Energy? - reading educational content
What Is Kinetic Energy?
This NGSS-aligned reading passage introduces 6th–8th grade students to the concept of kinetic energy—energy that an obje...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
Understanding Mechanical Energy - reading educational content
Understanding Mechanical Energy
This science passage is crafted for 6th–8th grade students and focuses on mechanical energy—specifically the combination...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
Chemical Energy - reading educational content
Chemical Energy
This informational science passage on chemical energy is designed for middle school students and aligns with the NGSS st...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
Sublimation: The Solid-to-Gas Magic - reading educational content
Sublimation: The Solid-to-Gas Magic
This engaging NGSS-aligned reading passage explores the science of sublimation, a unique phase change where a solid turn...
MS-PS3-44-PS3-34-PS3-2
Is Sublimation Endothermic or Exothermic? - reading educational content
Is Sublimation Endothermic or Exothermic?
This NGSS-aligned science passage for middle school explains the thermodynamic nature of sublimation, showing how a soli...
MS-PS1-4HS-PS1
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