Natural Disaster: Tsunamis — Passage
Tsunamis are giant waves caused by disturbances in large bodies of water, usually oceans. They're often triggered by underwater earthquakes, but can also be caused by landslides, volcanic eruptions, or even meteor impacts. Unlike normal waves, tsunamis involve the movement of water all the way from the surface to the ocean floor.
When a tsunami reaches shallow water near the shore, it slows down but grows taller. This can create waves over 100 feet high! Tsunamis can travel across entire oceans at speeds up to 500 miles per hour, as fast as a jet plane.
The danger of a tsunami isn't just the initial wave, but also the rush of water inland and the strong currents as the water recedes. This can cause massive destruction to coastal areas, sweeping away buildings, vehicles, and people.
Many countries have tsunami warning systems that detect undersea earthquakes and changes in sea level. If a tsunami warning is issued, people in coastal areas should move to higher ground immediately. Education about tsunamis and proper preparation can help save lives in areas at risk.
What typically causes tsunamis?
Strong windsHeavy rainUnderwater earthquakesHigh tidesHow fast can tsunamis travel across oceans?
As fast as a person can runAs fast as a car on a highwayAs fast as a jet planeAs fast as soundWhat happens to a tsunami as it reaches shallow water?
It speeds up and gets smallerIt slows down and grows tallerIt disappearsIt turns into normal wavesWhy are tsunamis dangerous even after the initial wave?
They cause rainfallThey create strong windsThey cause strong currents as water recedesThey make the air hard to breatheWhat should people do if a tsunami warning is issued?
Go to the beach to watchStay inside their homesMove to higher ground immediatelyCall their friends to tell them about itHow do tsunami warning systems work?
They predict the weatherThey detect undersea earthquakes and sea level changesThey listen for the sound of wavesThey measure wind speedCommon core standards covered
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