What is an Estuary? — Reading Comprehension

An estuary is a special place where a river meets the ocean. In this area, freshwater from the river mixes with saltwaterfrom the sea. This mix of waters creates a unique environment that is different from both rivers and oceans. Because of this, estuaries are home to many kinds of plants and animals.

The structure of an estuary is shaped by the land and water around it. Estuaries can look like bays, lagoons, or river mouths. The way they look depends on how water flows, how tides rise and fall, and how sediments (bits of soil, sand, and rock) collect.

The function of an estuary is very important. Estuaries provide shelter and food for many organisms. For example, fish use estuaries as nurseries where their young can grow safely. Birds find food like fish and shellfish in estuaries. Plants like marsh grasses filter water by trapping pollution and keeping the water clean.

Humans also benefit from estuaries. They protect coastal areas by absorbing floodwaters and blocking storm surges. Many people make a living by fishing or harvesting oysters, crabs, and clams in estuaries.
Estuaries are fragile, though. Pollution, too much development, or changes in water flow can harm them. Protecting estuaries is important to keep both wildlife and human communities healthy

Fun Fact: Some of the most productive ecosystems on Earth are estuaries, often called the “nurseries of the sea.”

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What is an estuary?

What mixes in an estuary?

Why do fish use estuaries?

What shapes an estuary?

How do plants help estuaries?

How do estuaries protect coasts?

Which human benefit is mentioned?

Why must estuaries be protected?