This learning resource is available in interactive and printable formats. The interactive worksheet can be played online and assigned to students. The Printable PDF version can be downloaded and printed for completion by hand.
This NGSS-aligned 4th grade passage introduces the concept of direction in simple terms. Direction tells us which way something is moving or facing, using words such as north, south, left, right, up, and down. Students learn how combining speed and direction gives a clearer understanding of motion. The text highlights the role of reference points, such as trees or cities, in describing direction. Real-life examples include rolling balls, flying birds, and cars traveling east or west. A fun fact about the compass shows how people have used tools to understand direction for over 1,000 years. This passage supports NGSS standard PS2.A: Forces and Motion and builds prediction and observation skills in young learners. Multiple-choice questions at different Depth of Knowledge levels test understanding and application of the concept. Audio integration makes the lesson accessible to diverse learners. Keywords include direction, NGSS PS2.A, forces and motion, and compass to support SEO and make the resource easy for teachers and parents to find.
CONTENT PREVIEW
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What is Direction?
Direction is the path or way something moves or faces. It tells us which way to go or where something is pointing. Knowing direction helps people find places, give instructions, and travel without getting lost.
Cardinal Directions
The four main directions are called cardinal directions: North, South, East, and West. North is toward the North Pole, and South is toward the South Pole. East is where the sun rises each morning, and West is where the sun sets. There are also in-between directions, like northeast and southwest.
Relative Directions
We also use relative directions to explain where things are. These include left, right, up, down, forward, and backward. For example, you might tell a friend to "turn left at the playground" or "walk forward to the tree."
Tools for Finding Direction
There are many tools for finding direction. A compass uses a special needle that always points north. People can also use the sun’s position: the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. At night, some people use stars to find direction. Today, many people use GPS on phones or devices to see where they are and where to go.
Why Direction Matters
Knowing direction is important for reading maps and following instructions. Arrows on maps show you which way to go. Direction is like being a pilot—you need to know which way to point your airplane!
Animals and Direction
Many animals use direction too. Birds fly south for the winter, and bees do special dances to show other bees where to find flowers.
Fun Activities
Try using a compass outside, give someone directions to walk a path, or play ‘Simon Says’ with directions. Practicing these skills can help you become an expert at finding your way!
Interesting Fact: Some birds can sense the Earth’s magnetic field to help them know which direction to fly during migration!
What does a compass do?
Points northShows weatherMeasures speedDraws maps
Which direction is the sun rising?
EastWestNorthSouth
Cardinal directions do NOT include:
UpSouthWestEast
Why do people use GPS?
To find directionTo measure timeTo count animalsTo make noise
What is a relative direction?
LeftNorthMapCompass
How do birds use direction?
Fly south in winterMake honeyDig holesClimb trees
A compass needle always points south. True or false?