Benedict Arnold Treason: Why He Betrayed America — Reading Comprehension

Benedict Arnold was once celebrated as a brave patriot in the American Revolutionary War, but he is now remembered for his shocking act of treason. His decision to betray the American cause and support the British Army has raised questions for centuries. Understanding Arnold’s motivations and the consequences of his actions helps us see the complexities of loyalty and betrayal in history.

Arnold’s early military career was marked by bold leadership and crucial victories, such as the capture of Fort Ticonderoga in 1775. However, his relationship with the Continental Congress became increasingly strained. Arnold felt overlooked for promotions and believed that his sacrifices were not properly recognized. He wrote, “Having become a cripple in the service of my country, I little expected to meet ungrateful returns.” This primary source quote from Arnold’s letter to Congress shows his deep sense of resentment and the emotional impact of not receiving the recognition he thought he deserved.

Financial difficulties also influenced Arnold’s actions. He spent much of his own money to support military campaigns, expecting reimbursement from Congress. When his accounts were questioned and payment was delayed, Arnold’s frustration grew. In addition, rivals accused him of misconduct and corruption, leading to public humiliation and a court-martial, although he was largely cleared of charges. These factors contributed to a feeling of injustice and isolation.

Personal relationships played a role as well. Arnold married Peggy Shippen, whose family had Loyalist sympathies. Through her, Arnold made contact with British officers, including Major John André. The British recognized Arnold’s military skill and promised him money and a high rank if he would help them. Arnold agreed to surrender the key American fort at West Point in exchange for £20,000 and a general’s commission. This act of treason was discovered when André was captured with secret documents.

From the American perspective, Arnold’s betrayal was a profound shock. Many soldiers and citizens felt a sense of betrayal, viewing Arnold as a traitor who endangered the cause for independence. The British, on the other hand, saw Arnold as a valuable asset and a symbol that American unity could be broken. However, Arnold’s reputation suffered on both sides. The Americans despised him, and the British never fully trusted or respected him, despite his new position.

This episode highlights the complex nature of loyalty during times of war. Arnold’s story is not just about one man’s ambition but about the pressures and conflicts faced by individuals in history. Students of the American Revolution must weigh multiple perspectives, asking why someone might turn against their own side and what this means for our understanding of patriotism and identity.

Interesting Fact: Interesting Fact: After fleeing to Britain, Benedict Arnold never returned to America and died in London, largely ignored by both Americans and British.

Who did Benedict Arnold betray?

What fort did Arnold agree to surrender?

Who was Peggy Shippen?

Why did Arnold feel resentment?

What did the British promise Arnold?

What happened to Arnold after his treason?

Benedict Arnold was loyal to America.

What does 'treason' mean?