What Is Potential Energy

This 250-word reading passage introduces fourth-grade students to the fundamental concept of potential energy aligned with NGSS standard 4-PS3-1. Students explore potential energy as stored energy that objects possess because of their position or arrangement. Through relatable examples such as balls held at different heights, stretched rubber bands, and books on shelves, students build foundational understanding of how energy can be stored and later released to cause motion. The passage uses age-appropriate language and avoids complex terminology like gravitational potential energy, focusing instead on the core idea that stored energy can make things move. This resource includes audio integration for accessibility, a simplified differentiated version for struggling readers, Spanish translations of both versions, a comprehensive glossary, multiple-choice questions testing recall and application, writing activities requiring explanation and real-world connections, and graphic organizers for visual learning. The passage prepares students for hands-on investigations and discussions about energy transfer, setting up understanding that stored energy converts to motion energy. Perfect for introducing PS3.A Disciplinary Core Ideas in an engaging, standards-aligned format suitable for elementary science classrooms.