Barreleye Fish: The Deep-Sea Telescope — Reading Comprehension
Rate this
Premium Resource
Present
Present in classroom. No work saved
Assign
Classroom with student accounts, Track progress
Quick Play
No student accounts, assign with a link
Grades
5
6
7
8
Standards
MS-LS2-4
RI.6.3
RI.7.3
RI.8.8
PRINT+DIGITAL RESOURCE
This learning resource is available in interactive and printable formats. The interactive worksheet can be played online and assigned to students. The Printable PDF version can be downloaded and printed for completion by hand.
This science passage explores the barreleye fish's extraordinary adaptations aligned with NGSS standard MS-LS2-4 (Ecosystem Interactions). Students will discover how this deep-sea creature's transparent dome head and rotating tubular eyes enable it to detect prey in near-total darkness. The text explains specialized features like counter-illumination camouflage and energy-conserving hovering behavior, demonstrating how organisms adapt to extreme environments. The passage highlights key biological concepts including bioluminescence, predator-prey relationships, and anatomical adaptations to low-light conditions. A fun fact reveals how scientists only recently discovered the fish's eye-rotation ability through deep-sea robotics. Comprehension questions test students' understanding of structural adaptations and ecosystem dynamics, while a vocabulary question reinforces the term 'counter-illumination.' Perfect for middle school life science units on marine ecosystems or evolutionary adaptations.
CONTENT PREVIEW
Expand content preview
"Photo 2025-03-12 Deep-sea fish, Barreleye" by Lasermind / Wikimedia Commons.
In the dark depths of the ocean, the barreleye fish (Macropinna microstoma) swims with one of nature's most bizarre adaptations—a transparent, fluid-filled head with glowing green eyes that can rotate like binoculars. Found 2,000–2,600 feet below the surface, this strange creature has evolved to hunt with precision in near-total darkness.
The barreleye’s most striking feature is its see-through dome head, which protects its upward-facing eyes while allowing it to spot faint silhouettes of prey above. Scientists discovered that its eyes can swivel forward when feeding, giving it a "telescopic" view of small fish and jellyfish. The green pigments in its eyes may filter out sunlight that barely penetrates the depths, helping it focus on bioluminescent signals.
To avoid predators, the barreleye uses its flat, silvery scales to blend into the dim light from above—a camouflage tactic called "counter-illumination." Its large, fin-like pectoral muscles allow it to hover motionless for hours, conserving energy in the food-scarce deep sea.
Fun Fact: When first discovered in 1939, scientists thought the barreleye’s eyes were fixed looking upward. Only in 2009 did deep-sea robots reveal their rotating ability!
What is the barreleye fish’s most unusual physical feature?
Glowing scalesA transparent headVenomous spinesEight legs
Why are the barreleye’s eyes green?
To attract matesTo filter deep-sea sunlightTo scare predatorsTo blend with seaweed
How does the barreleye spot prey?
By creating loud soundsBy rotating its upward-facing eyesBy tasting the waterBy producing electric fields
What camouflage tactic does it use?
Changing colors like a chameleonCounter-illumination with silvery scalesMimicking poisonous fishBurying itself in sand
How does it conserve energy?
By swimming constantlyBy hibernating for monthsBy hovering motionlessBy eating plants
What surprised scientists in 2009?
Its ability to survive on landIts eyes could rotate forwardIt glows in ultraviolet lightIt lives near hydrothermal vents