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This engaging 250-word science passage explains how light absorption works for Grade 4-5 students. Aligned with NGSS standard 4-PS4-2, the passage describes how absorption happens when materials take in light energy instead of reflecting or transmitting it. Students learn why dark colors absorb more light than light colors, which causes black objects to get hotter in sunlight. The content connects scientific concepts to everyday experiences, such as wearing dark clothes feeling warmer in summer because they absorb more light energy than light-colored clothes. Key vocabulary terms including absorption, light energy, and heat absorption are introduced naturally within the text. The passage includes audio integration for enhanced accessibility and engagement. Supplementary activities include multiple-choice comprehension questions, writing prompts, and graphic organizers that help students understand cause-and-effect relationships between light absorption and heat. The differentiated version provides simplified text for struggling readers while maintaining core concepts. Spanish translations are included for both versions to support English language learners. This comprehensive resource helps students develop understanding of how light interacts with different materials and colors in their environment.
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Light colors are like tiny mirrors—they bounce the light right back to your eyes.Dark colors are like thirsty sponges for light—they soak it all up!
When light from the sun or a lamp hits an object, something interesting happens. The light does not just disappear. Some of the light is absorbed, which means the object takes in the light energy. Some of the light is reflected, which means it bounces off the object and travels in a different direction. The reflected light is what allows us to see the object's color.
Different objects absorb and reflect light in different amounts. Dark-colored objects absorb more light than they reflect. When they absorb light, the energy changes into heat. This is why a black car sitting in the sun feels much hotter than a white car. Light-colored objects do the opposite. They reflect most of the light that hits them and absorb very little. This keeps them cooler.
Think about wearing a dark blue shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny day. The dark shirt absorbs more light wavelengths, which are the different forms of light energy. As it absorbs this energy, it gets warmer, and you feel hotter. The white shirt reflects most wavelengths, so less energy turns into heat. This is why people in hot, sunny places often wear light-colored clothing. Understanding how objects absorb and reflect light helps us make smart choices about what to wear and what colors to use for things like cars, buildings, and even playground equipment.
What happens to light energy objects absorb?
It changes into heatIt disappears completelyIt becomes waterIt turns into sound
Which color absorbs more light?
WhiteYellowBlackLight blue
What does reflected light let us see?
An object's temperatureAn object's colorAn object's weightAn object's age
Why does a white car stay cooler?
It absorbs all lightIt has no colorIt reflects most lightIt creates its own shade
Which shirt keeps you cooler outside?
A black shirtA dark blue shirtA white shirtA dark brown shirt
Why do people wear light colors?
To look fashionable onlyTo stay cooler in sunTo see better at nightTo absorb more light
Light that hits an object always disappears.
TrueFalse
What are wavelengths?
Types of water wavesDifferent forms of light energyMeasurements of heat onlyParts of the sun
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