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This engaging 250-word science passage for Grade 4-5 students explores how light travels in straight lines called rays. Aligned with NGSS 4-PS4-2, the passage explains how light spreads out from light sources in all directions and how scientists use ray diagrams with straight arrows to show light paths. Students learn about light rays through concrete examples including sunbeams shining through clouds and dust particles that make light visible. The passage connects abstract concepts to observable phenomena, helping students understand why we see objects and how light moves from sources to our eyes. Audio-integrated features support diverse learners. The content includes vocabulary such as light rays, light source, and ray diagrams, with each term clearly defined in context. Students explore cause-and-effect relationships and apply scientific concepts through comprehension questions, writing activities, and graphic organizers. This standards-aligned resource provides differentiated versions in English and Spanish, making complex scientific concepts accessible to all learners while building foundational understanding of light behavior and properties.
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Light really does travel in straight lines. Image credit KATRIN BOLOVTSOVA / Pexels.
Light is a form of energy that allows us to see the world around us. Understanding how light moves helps us explain shadows, reflections, and why we cannot see around corners.
Light travels in straight lines called light rays. A light ray is the path that light follows as it moves from one place to another. When you turn on a flashlight, the light does not curve or bend around objects on its own. Instead, it travels forward in a straight path until something blocks it or it hits a surface.
A light source is any object that produces light, like the sun, a lamp, or a flashlight. Light spreads out from its source in all directions, but each individual ray travels in a straight line. Think of light rays like arrows shot from a bow—they fly straight ahead until they hit something.
Because light travels in straight lines, it creates shadows. A shadow is a dark area that forms when an object blocks light. When you stand between a lamp and a wall, your body blocks some of the light rays traveling in straight lines. The rays cannot bend around you to reach the wall, so a shadow appears in the shape of your body.
This is also why you cannot see around corners. Light from objects around the corner cannot bend to reach your eyes. The light rays travel straight and are blocked by the wall. If you want to see what is around the corner, you must move so that light rays from that area can travel in a straight line to your eyes.
What is a light ray?
A curved path of lightA straight path of lightA bouncing light beamA colored light wave
Which is an example of a light source?
A shadow on the wallA mirror reflecting lightThe sun in the skyA dark corner
How does light travel from its source?
In curved, wavy pathsIn straight linesIn zigzag patternsIn circular motions
Why do shadows form behind objects?
Light bends around the objectLight bounces off the objectObjects block straight light raysLight stops moving completely
What happens when you stand between a lamp and a wall?
Light bends around your bodyYour body blocks light creating a shadowLight passes through your bodyThe wall produces more light
Why can't you see around corners?
Light rays travel straight and are blockedThere is no light around cornersYour eyes stop working near cornersLight only works in open spaces
Light can bend around corners on its own.
TrueFalse
What does 'shadow' mean in this passage?
A source that produces lightA dark area where light is blockedA straight path of lightA type of light ray
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