European Explorers in California — Reading Comprehension

Premium Resource

Grades

Standards

D2.HIS.1.3-5
D2.HIS.2.3-5
RI.4.3
RI.4.4
W.4.2

About This Reader

This engaging U.S. History reading passage introduces students to the first European explorers in California, focusing on the journeys of Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo and later Spanish explorers during the Colonial America era. Aligned with C3 Framework and Common Core standards, the passage uses clear chronological storytelling, grade-appropriate vocabulary, and highlights bravery and discovery. Students will learn about the reasons for European exploration, encounters with Native peoples, the search for new lands, and the long-term impact of these journeys. The passage is formatted in HTML for easy classroom use, includes a glossary, and is available with read aloud audio and a full Spanish translation. Activities include multiple-choice quiz, writing prompts, a timeline of key events, and a graphic organizer to help students analyze cause and effect. This resource is perfect for building foundational literacy and history skills in elementary students while meeting required standards.

CONTENT PREVIEW

"[European explorers arriving in the new world]" by Lippincott, William H. (William Henry), 1849-1920 / Library of Congress.

The first European explorers reached the coast of California in the 1500s. They came from Spain, a country in Europe. Their goal was to find new lands and riches. Explorers were brave people who sailed in ships across the ocean.

In 1542, a Spanish explorer named Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo sailed north from Mexico. He was looking for a new route to Asia. Cabrillo and his crew reached the coast of California. They were the first Europeans to see its beaches and hills. Cabrillo named places he saw. He called one area San Miguel, which is now known as San Diego.

Cabrillo and his men met Native American people along the coast. They tried to speak with them and trade gifts. Sometimes, the meetings were peaceful. Other times, there was fear and misunderstanding. Cabrillo wrote, "The people are friendly and bring us food." But sometimes, the explorers and Native people did not trust each other.

The journey was hard. The ocean was rough. The weather could be stormy. Cabrillo’s ship stopped at several places along the coast. He made notes about the land, plants, and people. His writings helped others learn about California.

Later, more Spanish explorers came to California. In the 1760s, Spain sent missions to teach Native people about the Spanish way of life. The missions changed California. New towns grew near them. The Spanish brought new animals and plants. This changed the lives of the Native people.

Cabrillo’s journey showed that California was a real place. It was not just a story. His trip led to more explorers and settlers coming to the land. Because of their bravery, California became part of the wider world.

Interesting Fact: California’s name comes from a Spanish story about a mythical island full of gold and brave women warriors.

Who was the first European in California?

Juan Rodriguez CabrilloChristopher ColumbusLewis and ClarkJohn Smith

What country sent Cabrillo?

SpainFranceEnglandItaly

When did Cabrillo sail to California?

1542162017601492

Why did Cabrillo explore California?

Find a route to AsiaGrow cropsLook for whalesBuild cities

What was one effect of missions?

New towns grewLess land for farmingNo new animalsNo changes

How did Cabrillo help others learn?