Exploring Space: Rockets and Spacecraft — Reading Comprehension

Grades

Standards

RI.4.4
RI.4.2

About This Reader

Space exploration has been one of humanity's greatest achievements, made possible by rockets and spacecraft. Rockets act as powerful engines, propelling spacecraft beyond Earth's atmosphere. Spacecraft, including satellites, probes, and stations, allow us to study Earth, other planets, and distant galaxies. Iconic missions like Apollo 11, which landed humans on the Moon, showcase the potential of space technology. Today, rovers like Perseverance explore Mars, while telescopes like Hubble and James Webb peer into the farthest corners of the universe. Exploring space requires ingenuity and teamwork, overcoming challenges like extreme temperatures and radiation. Each mission reveals new insights into our universe and inspires future discoveries.

CONTENT PREVIEW

space exploration, rockets, spacecraft, satellites, Apollo 11, space missions

Humans have always been curious about space, but for a long time, we could only look up at the stars and wonder. That all changed in the 20th century when we developed powerful rockets that could carry spacecraft beyond Earth's atmosphere. Today, we're going to learn about how we explore space using rockets and spacecraft.

Rockets are like very powerful engines that can lift heavy objects into space. They work by burning fuel and pushing out hot gases at very high speeds. This pushes the rocket in the opposite direction, following a rule of science called Newton's Third Law of Motion. The first rockets that could reach space were developed in the 1940s and 1950s.

Spacecraft are vehicles designed to operate in space. There are many different types of spacecraft. Some, like satellites, orbit Earth and help us with things like weather forecasting and communication. Others, like space probes, travel to other planets and moons to study them up close. And some spacecraft, like the International Space Station, are designed for astronauts to live and work in space.

One of the most famous spacecraft was the Apollo 11 mission, which took humans to the Moon for the first time in 1969. Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walked on the Moon while their teammate Michael Collins orbited above in the command module. This was a huge achievement for space exploration!

Today, we're still exploring space in exciting ways. Rovers like Perseverance are studying Mars, looking for signs of ancient life. Space telescopes like Hubble and James Webb are helping us see farther into the universe than ever before. And new rockets are being developed that might one day take humans to Mars!

Space exploration isn't easy. It takes a lot of planning, teamwork, and problem-solving. Astronauts and spacecraft have to deal with extreme temperatures, radiation, and the lack of air and gravity in space. But the rewards are amazing. By exploring space, we learn more about our planet, our solar system, and our place in the universe.

How do rockets work?

By floating on airBy burning fuel and pushing out hot gasesBy using wind powerBy rolling on wheels

What is a spacecraft designed to do?

Drive on roadsFly in Earth's atmosphereOperate in spaceSwim in oceans

Which spacecraft took humans to the Moon for the first time?

Hubble Space TelescopeInternational Space StationPerseverance RoverApollo 11

What is Perseverance studying?

The SunMarsJupiterEarth

What are some challenges of space exploration?

Extreme temperatures and radiationToo much gravityToo much airNot enough fuel

What is the main idea of this passage?

The Moon is made of cheeseRockets and spacecraft help us explore spaceAliens live on MarsSpace exploration is impossible