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Samuel Slater Factory System — Reading Comprehension

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D2.HIS.2.3-5
D2.HIS.3.3-5
RI.4.3
RI.4.4
RI.4.7
W.4.2

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This engaging U.S. history reading passage introduces students to Samuel Slater, known as the 'Father of the American Factory System.' The passage follows Slater's journey from England to America and explains how his skills helped start the first successful textile mill in the United States. Students will learn how Slater’s work changed the way goods were made and how it affected families and communities. The resource features a glossary, timeline, multiple-choice quiz, writing activities, and graphic organizers to support comprehension. Aligned with C3 and Common Core ELA standards, this passage is perfect for building literacy and history knowledge. It also includes a Spanish translation and read aloud audio to support all learners. Useful keywords include Samuel Slater, factory system, Industrial Revolution, textile mills, and U.S. history. Great for classroom or independent study.

CONTENT PREVIEW

Samuel Slater Spinning Frame — This 48-spindle spinning machine, the oldest piece of cotton machinery in America, was built by Samuel Slater, and first operated by him on December 20, 1790, at Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Wikimedia Commons

Samuel Slater was a skilled worker from England. In the late 1700s, he learned how to build machines that made cloth in British factories. These factories were called textile mills. Britain wanted to keep its factory secrets safe, so it made it illegal for workers to share their knowledge with other countries.

Samuel Slater wanted a new life. He left England in 1789 and came to the United States. He brought only his memory of how to build the machines. In America, there were no big factories for making cloth. Most people made things at home or in small shops. Slater knew he could help change this.

In 1790, Slater partnered with Moses Brown in Rhode Island. Together, they built the first successful American textile mill. The mill used water power to run machines that spun cotton into thread. This new factory system allowed many workers to make cloth quickly and in large amounts. It was very different from the old way of working by hand.

The factory system changed how people worked and lived. Workers, including children, worked long hours in the mills. Towns grew around the factories, and people moved from farms to work in the new jobs. This was the start of the Industrial Revolution in America.

Some people called Samuel Slater the "Father of American Industry." He showed Americans how to use machines and build factories. However, the British saw him as a traitor because he took their factory secrets. Despite this, Slater's work helped the United States grow stronger by making its own goods.

Slater's idea spread quickly. Other businessmen built more mills in New England. The American factory system grew, bringing new inventions and more jobs. It changed the country's economy and helped America become a leader in industry.

Today, we remember Samuel Slater for his bravery and skills. He took a big risk to bring important knowledge to America. His work helped shape the nation’s future.

Interesting Fact: Samuel Slater’s first mill is still standing in Rhode Island today. It is now a museum where people can learn about the start of American industry.

Who was Samuel Slater?

A skilled worker from EnglandA famous American presidentA British kingAn explorer from France

Where did Slater build the first mill?

Rhode IslandNew YorkBostonPhiladelphia

What powered the machines in Slater’s mill?

WaterElectricityWindSteam

Why did people move to work in mills?

For new jobsTo find goldTo visit familyFor better weather

How did the factory system change America?

Created more jobsEnded farmingStarted warsBuilt schools

Why was Slater called a traitor?

He shared British secretsHe stole moneyHe left AmericaHe built a school