How Canyons Form Very Slowly — Reading Comprehension

A canyon is a deep valley with steep sides. Canyons are some of the most beautiful and interesting landforms on Earth. They form very slowly over millions of years. The main process that forms canyons is called erosion.

Erosion is when rocks and soil are worn away by natural forces like water, wind, or ice. Rivers are especially important in forming canyons. As a river flows, it moves over the land, carrying tiny pieces of rock called sediment. Over time, the river cuts deeper and deeper into the land. This process is very slow, but after thousands or even millions of years, a deep canyon can form.

Another important process is weathering. Weathering means breaking down rocks into smaller pieces. This can happen because of rain, wind, changes in temperature, or even plants growing in cracks. When rocks are broken down by weathering, it makes it easier for erosion to carry them away.

One of the most famous canyons in the world is the Grand Canyon in the United States. The Colorado River has been slowly carving the Grand Canyon for about six million years! Other examples of canyons include the Fish River Canyon in Africa and the Copper Canyon in Mexico.

Canyons are important because they show us how powerful natural forces can be over long periods of time. They also provide homes for many plants and animals. When you visit a canyon, you can see layers of rock that are millions of years old. These layers help scientists learn about Earth’s history.

Interesting Fact: The Grand Canyon is so big that it can be seen from space!

What is a canyon?

Which word means breaking down rocks?

What carries sediment?

How long does it take to form a canyon?

What is the main process forming canyons?

Why are layers in canyons important?

The Grand Canyon is seen from space.

Which is a landform?