How Many Neutrons Does Hydrogen Have? — Reading Comprehension
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MS-PS1
HS-PS1
RI.6.3
RI.7.1
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This reading passage, 'How Many Neutrons Does Hydrogen Have?', introduces middle school students to atomic structure using hydrogen as an example. Students learn that the most common form of hydrogen, protium, has 1 proton, 1 electron, and 0 neutrons. The passage also explains hydrogen's isotopes—deuterium and tritium—which contain 1 and 2 neutrons, respectively. The concept of isotopes is introduced as atoms of the same element with different neutron counts. The passage supports NGSS MS-PS1-1 (structure and properties of matter) and Common Core standards RI.6.1 and RI.6.4. It includes a set of 8 comprehension questions, a fun fact, and uses clear, age-appropriate language. Great for reinforcing concepts of atomic structure and element variation in the science classroom.
Isotopes of hydrogenHydrogen is the lightest and simplest element in the universe. It’s also the most common—about 90% of the atoms in the universe are hydrogen! But what makes hydrogen so unique? One reason is that it usually has no neutrons at all.
Atoms are made up of three particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus (the center of the atom), and electrons orbit around the outside. Most elements have both protons and neutrons in their nucleus—but hydrogen is different.
The most common form of hydrogen has:
● 1 proton
● 0 neutrons
● 1 electron
This form is called protium. It’s the simplest atom possible. But hydrogen can also exist in two other forms, called isotopes:
● Deuterium has 1 proton and 1 neutron
● Tritium has 1 proton and 2 neutrons
Even though these are still forms of hydrogen, they have different numbers of neutrons. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
So, how many neutrons does hydrogen have? In its most common form—zero. But depending on the isotope, it can have 1 or 2.
Fun Fact; Tritium, a rare form of hydrogen with 2 neutrons, is slightly radioactive and is used to glow in watch dials and emergency signs!
What is the main idea of the passage?
Hydrogen is the heaviest elementHydrogen always has neutronsHydrogen has zero neutrons in its most common formHydrogen is made of only electrons
How many protons does hydrogen have?
210It changes every time
In its most common form, how many neutrons does hydrogen have?
2103
What are isotopes?
Different elements with the same number of protonsAtoms with different numbers of protons and electronsAtoms of the same element with different numbers of neutronsThe heaviest types of atoms
What is the name of the most common form of hydrogen?
HeliumTritiumDeuteriumProtium
How many neutrons does deuterium have?
2103
What do all forms of hydrogen have in common?
They have 2 neutronsThey all have 1 protonThey have no electronsThey have 3 protons
Why is hydrogen unique among the elements?
It is heavier than oxygenIt is made only of neutronsIts most common form has no neutronsIt is the rarest element in the universe
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