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This informational reading passage explores the patterns of the Moon to support NGSS 1-ESS1-1. It describes how the Moon goes through phases, including new moon, crescent, half, and full moon, in a repeating 29-day cycle. Students will learn how the Moon reflects the Sun’s light and why the same side of the Moon always faces Earth. The text also explains how people used Moon phases for calendars and farming. This passage is designed for elementary students, connecting reading skills with Earth and space science standards and providing age-appropriate, clear examples about the patterns in the sky.
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The Moon is Earth’s closest neighbor in space. It does not make its own light, but instead reflects the Sun’s light. When we look at the Moon in the night sky, it seems to change shape over time. These repeating shapes are called the phases of the Moon.
The Moon goes through a pattern of phases each month. It starts with the new moon, when we cannot see the Moon at all. Then it changes to a crescent moon, which looks like a small slice. A few days later, we see a half moon, and then a full moon, when the entire circle is bright. After the full moon, it goes backward through these shapes until it is a new moon again. This repeating pattern takes about 29 days.
People have been watching the Moon’s patterns for thousands of years. Farmers used the phases of the Moon to know the best times to plant and harvest crops. Some cultures even made calendars based on the Moon’s cycle.
The Moon’s patterns are very predictable. We can look at a calendar and know what the Moon will look like on a certain day. These patterns help scientists study the Moon and learn more about space. They also help people plan special events, like festivals or holidays.
The Moon is an amazing part of our sky. Its changing shapes remind us of the patterns that happen in nature, repeating again and again in a beautiful cycle.
Fun Fact: The same side of the Moon always faces Earth because the Moon spins once each time it goes around Earth!
What does the Moon reflect?
Earth’s waterThe Sun’s lightIts own lightThe stars’ light
What are the Moon’s changing shapes called?
Moon circlesMoon patternsMoon phasesMoon travels
About how long is the Moon’s pattern cycle?
15 days20 days29 days40 days
What happens during a new moon?
The Moon is brightestWe cannot see the MoonThe Moon looks redIt looks like a half circle
Which phase shows the entire Moon bright?
Crescent moonNew moonHalf moonFull moon
Why did people long ago watch the Moon’s patterns?
To find animalsTo pick flowersTo help with farmingTo hunt stars
What is the main idea of the passage?
The Moon changes seasonsThe Moon changes shape in a repeating patternThe Moon is very hotThe Moon is bigger than the Sun
If a festival uses the full moon to set its date, what is it using?