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The Gaia Hypothesis — Reading Comprehension

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The Gaia Hypothesis, proposed by James Lovelock, suggests that Earth functions like a living organism, with all its parts working together to maintain life-supporting conditions. Examples include plants balancing CO₂ and oxygen levels and ocean algae influencing cloud formation. While critics argue it gives Earth a sense of purpose, the hypothesis has inspired environmental movements and policies focused on protecting ecosystems and biodiversity.

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The Gaia Hypothesis, proposed by scientist James Lovelock in the 1970s, suggests that Earth functions like a living organism. According to this idea, all living and non-living parts of the planet work together to maintain conditions that support life.

For example, Earth’s atmosphere, oceans, and land interact in ways that regulate temperature, oxygen levels, and other factors essential for life. Lovelock compared Earth to a self-regulating system, much like the human body maintains a stable temperature.

One key example is the role of plants in balancing carbon dioxide and oxygen levels. Plants absorb CO₂ during photosynthesis and release oxygen, which animals breathe. This cycle helps keep the atmosphere stable and habitable. Similarly, ocean algae play a role in regulating climate by producing compounds that influence cloud formation.

Critics argue that the Gaia Hypothesis gives Earth a sense of purpose, which is not scientifically proven. However, the idea has inspired many to think of Earth as an interconnected system, where human actions can have far-reaching consequences.

The Gaia Hypothesis also highlights the importance of protecting ecosystems. If Earth is a self-regulating system, damaging one part (like forests or oceans) could disrupt the entire balance. This idea has influenced environmental movements and policies aimed at preserving biodiversity and reducing pollution.

Fun fact: The name “Gaia” comes from the ancient Greek goddess of Earth, symbolizing the planet as a nurturing, life-giving force.

What is the Gaia Hypothesis?

Earth is a lifeless rockEarth functions like a living organismEarth is controlled by humansEarth is getting colder

Who proposed the Gaia Hypothesis?

Charles DarwinJames LovelockAlbert EinsteinIsaac Newton

What is one example of Earth’s self-regulation mentioned in the passage?

Volcanoes eruptingPlants balancing CO₂ and oxygen levelsAnimals migratingEarth’s rotation

What role do ocean algae play, according to the Gaia Hypothesis?

They produce oxygenThey influence cloud formationThey cause earthquakesThey clean plastic from the ocean

What is one criticism of the Gaia Hypothesis?

It is too simpleIt gives Earth a sense of purposeIt ignores plantsIt focuses only on humans

How has the Gaia Hypothesis influenced environmental movements?