George Washington: Farmer to President — Reading Comprehension

George Washington was born in 1732 in Virginia and grew up on his family's plantation, Mount Vernon. Before becoming the first President of the United States, he was known as a hardworking planter and surveyor. Life at Mount Vernon was challenging; managing crops, workers, and land required careful organization and leadership. Washington's early experiences influenced his later decisions as a leader, teaching him how to solve problems and adapt to unexpected changes.

Many Americans today see George Washington as a hero, but his journey to becoming president was filled with complex choices and even doubts. When tensions between the American colonies and Great Britain increased, Washington was chosen to lead the Continental Army. Although he was not the most experienced military officer, his reputation for honesty and responsibility made people trust him. While fighting for independence, Washington often faced shortages of supplies and untrained soldiers, yet he never abandoned his post. This persistence inspired others.

Washington’s leadership style was shaped by his belief in shared responsibility. He frequently consulted with his officers and valued different opinions. In a letter to his cousin, he wrote, “I can truly say I had rather be at Mount Vernon with a friend or two about me, than to be attended at the seat of government by the officers of state.” This quote demonstrates his reluctance to seek power for its own sake and his preference for private life over public fame.

After the Revolutionary War ended, some people wanted Washington to become king. Instead, he returned home, setting an important precedent: leaders should not hold onto power forever. This decision showed his commitment to democracy and helped shape the new nation’s values. However, others feared that the country would fall apart without a strong leader. Washington’s choice to step away from power was both respected and questioned.

In 1789, Washington was unanimously elected as the first President. He faced enormous challenges, including uniting the states, forming a new government, and handling disagreements between leaders. For example, he had to balance the ideas of Alexander Hamilton, who wanted a strong central government, and Thomas Jefferson, who preferred more power for the states. Washington established the first Cabinet, or group of advisors, to help him make decisions. His actions as president set many traditions for future leaders.

Washington’s presidency was not without conflict. He faced criticism for signing treaties with foreign nations and for his response to the Whiskey Rebellion, when farmers protested a new tax. By choosing to enforce the law but also pardon the rebels, Washington showed a careful balance between authority and mercy.

In the end, Washington chose to leave office after two terms. He warned against political parties and foreign alliances in his Farewell Address, advice that continues to be discussed today. His decision to step down helped establish the peaceful transfer of power—an essential feature of American government.

Interesting Fact: George Washington never lived in the White House because it was not finished during his presidency.

Where was George Washington born?

What was Washington's home called?

In what year was Washington elected President?

Why did Washington return home after the war?

What was Washington's leadership style?

What did Washington warn against?

Washington lived in the White House.

What does 'precedent' mean?