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Juan Cabrillo Explores California — Reading Comprehension

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D2.HIS.1.3-5
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D2.HIS.3.3-5
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This engaging U.S. history reading passage introduces students to Juan Cabrillo, the first European explorer to reach California. Students will learn about Cabrillo’s journey, his encounters with Native people, and his lasting impact on American history. The passage uses clear, simple language and a chronological narrative, meeting key literacy and history standards. Activities include a multiple-choice quiz, writing prompts, glossary, and timeline to deepen understanding. The resource also features a Spanish translation of the full passage and a relevant public domain image with caption and citation. This lesson aligns with C3 and Common Core standards, making it ideal for classroom use. Read aloud audio support helps all learners access the content. Teachers can use included graphic organizers and vocabulary activities to encourage critical thinking and analysis of cause-and-effect relationships in history. Perfect for teaching about European exploration and early California history.

CONTENT PREVIEW

"The landing of Cabrillo on California (detail from mural by Daniel Sayre Groesbeck at the Santa Barbara County Courthouse)" by Carol M. Highsmith / Wikimedia Commons (Public domain).

Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo was the first European explorer to reach the coast of California by sea. In 1542, Cabrillo sailed from Mexico with three ships. He worked for the Spanish Empire, which wanted to find new lands to claim and control. The Spanish hoped to find rich cities and new trade routes along the Pacific Ocean.

Cabrillo and his crew faced many challenges on their journey. They sailed north along the coast, facing rough waters and unknown lands. The journey took months, and they did not know what dangers they might find. Cabrillo used maps and tools to navigate the ocean, but much of the area was still a mystery to Europeans.

In September 1542, Cabrillo's ships entered a large, calm bay. This place is now called San Diego Bay. Cabrillo and his men went ashore and claimed the land for Spain. This act marked the first time Europeans set foot in what is now California. Cabrillo's landing opened the region to future exploration and contact with Native peoples.

Cabrillo and his crew continued north, exploring more of the California coast. They met many Native American groups along the way. Some groups welcomed them and traded goods. Others were careful and kept their distance. Cabrillo wrote about these meetings in his journal, giving us some of the first European descriptions of California's land and people.

The voyage was dangerous. Cabrillo was hurt during an accident on one of the islands. He died in January 1543, but his crew kept exploring before returning to Mexico. Cabrillo's journey showed that California was reachable by sea. His trip helped the Spanish Empire map the coast and plan future settlements.

Cabrillo's voyage was important because it began a new era of European contact with California. It set the stage for Spanish missions, towns, and new cultures to grow in the region. His bravery and the actions of his crew changed California forever.

Interesting Fact: Cabrillo’s exact birthplace is still a mystery. Some historians think he was from Spain, while others believe he may have been born in Portugal.

Who was the first European to reach California by sea?

Juan CabrilloChristopher ColumbusHernán CortésFrancisco Pizarro

What year did Cabrillo explore California?

1542149216201776

Where did Cabrillo land in California?

San Diego BaySan FranciscoSacramentoLos Angeles

Why did the Spanish Empire send Cabrillo?

Find new lands and trade routesBuild a cityLook for gold onlyMeet Native Americans

What happened after Cabrillo claimed land for Spain?

More exploration happenedHe returned homeHe became kingNothing changed

How did Cabrillo help the Spanish Empire?

Mapped the coastFought a warBuilt a townBecame president