Is Freezing Endothermic or Exothermic? — Reading Comprehension
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MS-PS3-4
4-PS3-3
4-PS3-2
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This learning resource is available in interactive and printable formats. The interactive worksheet can be played online and assigned to students. The Printable PDF version can be downloaded and printed for completion by hand.
This clear and accessible passage helps students understand why freezing is an exothermic process, even though frozen objects feel cold. Aligned with NGSS MS-PS3-4, it explains how water releases heat into the environment as it freezes into ice. Students learn how molecules slow down and form solid structures, and how this process is the opposite of melting, which absorbs heat. The passage uses everyday examples like freezers and frozen lakes to show the role of freezing in nature and technology. Designed to support both science understanding and literacy skills, it integrates key physical science concepts with engaging explanations and vocabulary support.
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Have you ever watched water freeze into ice in a freezer? It may seem simple, but there’s an important science question hiding there: Is freezing endothermic or exothermic?
The answer is: Freezing is an exothermic process.
That means when a liquid like water turns into a solid like ice, it releases heat into its surroundings. Even though ice feels cold to the touch, heat is actually leaving the water during the freezing process.
Here’s how it works: Water molecules move around quickly when they are warm. As they cool down, they slow down and get closer together, forming a solid structure—ice. To become a solid, the water must give up energy in the form of heat. That heat goes into the surrounding air or surface, which is why freezing is called exothermic.
This is the opposite of melting, which is an endothermic process. Melting ice absorbs heat to turn into liquid water.
Understanding if a process is endothermic or exothermic helps scientists explain how energy moves in the world. Freezing is used in food storage, weather patterns (like frost), and even in space science!
So, while frozen things may feel cold, the act of freezing is actually a way for matter to let go of energy. And that’s what makes freezing exothermic!
Fun Fact: When lakes freeze in winter, the freezing water releases heat into the air. That extra heat helps protect the water below the surface from freezing completely—keeping fish alive even in cold climates!
What kind of process is freezing?
EndothermicExothermicElectricNeutral
What happens to heat during freezing?
It gets stored inside the iceIt disappearsIt is released into the surroundingsIt gets absorbed by the water
What must water do to turn into ice?
Gain energyRelease energyIncrease movementEvaporate
Why do water molecules slow down during freezing?
They are absorbing heatThey are losing heatThey are meltingThey are expanding
What is the opposite of freezing in terms of energy flow?
CondensationMeltingBoilingCooling
What is a real-world example where freezing helps us?
Boiling soupBaking breadPreserving food in freezersMelting snow
Why is freezing considered exothermic, even though ice feels cold?
Because the freezer makes heatBecause cold is energyBecause heat is leaving the waterBecause the air is cold
What helps explain how energy moves in processes like freezing or melting?