Key Leaders of the American Revolution — Reading Comprehension

The American Revolution brought together a diverse group of leaders who helped shape the future United States. Four of the most influential figures were George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams. Each contributed unique skills and perspectives to the struggle for independence, demonstrating both cooperation and disagreement in pursuit of a common goal.

George Washington was chosen as the commander of the Continental Army in 1775. His leadership was essential, even though the army faced limited supplies and harsh conditions. Washington’s determination and ability to inspire his troops helped the colonies resist British military strength. He wrote in a letter, "We must consult our means rather than our wishes," reminding others to be practical and resourceful. Washington’s experience as a military leader allowed him to make difficult decisions, sometimes facing criticism from other leaders who questioned his strategies. Nonetheless, his commitment earned him respect among the people and his fellow revolutionaries.

Thomas Jefferson played a different but equally important role. As the main author of the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson expressed the colonies’ desire for freedom and their belief in natural rights. His words, "all men are created equal," became a powerful statement for generations. However, Jefferson’s ideas were not accepted by everyone, and debates over slavery and equality revealed contradictions. Jefferson’s ability to communicate complex ideas made him a key figure in persuading people to support independence.

Benjamin Franklin was a skilled diplomat and inventor. His experience in science and politics gave him a unique perspective on the Revolution. Franklin’s diplomatic efforts in France were crucial; he negotiated alliances and secured support that provided the Continental Army with supplies and money. Franklin’s humor and wisdom helped him build trust with foreign leaders, though some Americans questioned his willingness to compromise. Despite their doubts, Franklin’s contributions were vital to the Revolution’s success.

John Adams was a passionate advocate for independence. As a lawyer, he defended the rights of colonists and urged others to break away from British rule. Adams worked with Jefferson and Franklin on the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence. He argued for unity among the colonies, but sometimes clashed with other leaders over strategy and policy. Adams once wrote, "We cannot ensure success, but we can deserve it," showing his belief in duty and perseverance.

The cooperation and conflict among these leaders demonstrate the complexities of revolution. They debated strategies, disagreed on policies, and sometimes questioned each other’s motives. However, their shared vision for a free nation allowed them to overcome differences and work toward independence. Their efforts laid the foundation for a new government based on representation and individual rights.

After the Revolution, these leaders continued to shape the United States. Washington became the first president, setting important precedents. Jefferson and Adams both served as presidents, while Franklin continued to influence American ideas through his writings. Their legacy is reflected in the principles of democracy and liberty that define the United States today.

Interesting Fact: Benjamin Franklin was the oldest signer of the Declaration of Independence at age 70 and the only one to sign all four major documents of the founding era.

Who led the Continental Army?

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Which leader helped secure help from France?

Why were Jefferson's ideas debated?

How did Franklin help the war effort?

What was Adams' view on success?

True or False: Franklin was the youngest signer.

What does 'diplomat' mean in the passage?