France Helps America Win Independence
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Washington Crossing the Delaware

Source: Library of Congress - Library of Congress
The night of December 25, 1776, was cold and dark. The American Revolution was not going well for the Continental Army. Many soldiers were tired and hungry. Some had no shoes, and hope was slipping away. George Washington, the leader of the army, knew something needed to change.
Washington planned a bold move. He decided to lead his troops across the icy Delaware River. The goal was to surprise the enemy, the Hessian soldiers, who were camped in Trenton, New Jersey. It was a risky plan because the river was wide and filled with chunks of ice. The weather was freezing, and it was snowing hard. But Washington believed a surprise attack could turn the war around.
On Christmas night, the soldiers quietly climbed into boats. Rowers pushed the boats through the icy water. Some men wrapped rags around their feet to stay warm. The crossing took all night. By early morning, everyone had reached the New Jersey side of the river.
Once on land, Washington’s men marched to Trenton. The snow and cold made the march slow and hard. Some soldiers left bloody footprints in the snow. But they did not give up. When they arrived, they attacked the Hessian camp by surprise. The enemy was not ready and quickly surrendered.
This victory at Trenton gave the Continental Army new hope. Many soldiers who thought about leaving decided to stay. People across the colonies heard about Washington’s success. It showed them that the American cause was not lost. More men joined the army, and the spirit of freedom grew stronger.
Washington’s decision to cross the Delaware was a turning point in the American Revolution. It showed the importance of bravery, leadership, and teamwork. The victory at Trenton helped save the Revolution when it almost failed.
Interesting Fact: The famous painting “Washington Crossing the Delaware” was created many years later by Emanuel Leutze in 1851.
Comprehension quiz (8 questions)
1. When did Washington cross the Delaware?
2. Who led the Continental Army?
3. Where did the surprise attack happen?
4. Why did Washington plan a surprise attack?
5. How did the victory at Trenton help?
6. What was one problem crossing the river?
7. Washington’s plan was risky. (True/False)
8. What does 'surrendered' mean?
Common Core standards for France Helps America Win Independence
Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words or phrases in a text relevant to a grade 4 topic or subject area.
Explain the relationships or interactions between two or more individuals, events, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text based on specific information in the text.
Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases in a text relevant to a grade 5 topic or subject area.
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