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Chemical weathering occurs when rocks decompose or dissolve due to chemical reactions with water, gases, or biological agents. Unlike mechanical weathering, which breaks rocks into smaller pieces, chemical weathering alters their mineral composition, transforming them into new substances.
Causes of Chemical Weathering
Examples of Chemical Weathering
● Karst Landscapes (e.g., Carlsbad Caverns): Limestone dissolves, forming caves and sinkholes.
● Tarnished Copper Statues (e.g., Statue of Liberty): Oxidation turns copper green.
● Laterite Soils (Tropical Regions): Heavy rainfall leaches minerals, leaving iron-rich soil.
Chemical weathering plays a crucial role in soil formation, nutrient cycling, and shaping Earth’s surface. It also contributes to climate regulation by absorbing CO₂ through carbonation.
Fun Fact: Acid rain can dissolve a marble statue 100 times faster than normal rain! This is why many ancient monuments and headstones develop a worn, eroded appearance over time as their minerals chemically react with acidic moisture in the air.
What is the main difference between chemical and mechanical weathering?
Chemical weathering only occurs in desertsChemical weathering changes mineral compositionMechanical weathering requires waterMechanical weathering happens fasterWhich process turns feldspar into clay?
OxidationHydrolysisCarbonationAcid rainWhat causes rust-colored stains on rocks?
HydrolysisOxidationCarbonationBiological activityHow does carbonation weather limestone?
Freezing water expands in cracksCarbonic acid dissolves the rockOxygen reacts with ironPlant roots pry rocks apartWhere would you expect intense chemical weathering?
Polar ice capsTropical rainforestsSandy desertsMountain peaksWhat human activity accelerates chemical weathering?
Planting treesBurning fossil fuels (acid rain)Building damsMining coalWhich landmark shows oxidation effects?
Grand CanyonStatue of LibertyMount EverestGreat Barrier ReefHow does chemical weathering benefit ecosystems?
Creates fertile soilPrevents all erosionForms glaciersStops volcanic eruptions
