Introducing KNOVA — A free reading app with curriculum-aligned passages on History & Science for Grades 3-8Learn More →

Chinese Writing — Reading Comprehension

No ratings yet

Premium Resource

Grades

Rate this resource

Send Feedback / Report an Issue

About This Reader

This engaging history reading passage examines the origins, evolution, and significance of Chinese characters, one of the world's oldest and most enduring writing systems. Students will explore how Chinese writing began over 3,000 years ago, how it changed through different dynasties, and its impact on culture, government, and daily life. The passage provides key vocabulary, primary source examples like oracle bones, and connects Chinese writing to geography and social structure. Features include a Spanish translation, a simplified version for diverse learners, timelines, graphic organizers, and standards-aligned quiz and writing activities. Aligned with CA HSS 6.6.7, TEKS 113.18(b)(2)(C), and CCSS RI.6.3, this passage supports historical thinking skills and ELA standards. Includes a read aloud audio and glossary to support comprehension.

CONTENT PREVIEW

"Ancient Chinese Writing on Stone with Small Characters" by Gary Todd /
Source: Wikimedia Commons (CC0).

Chinese characters, known as logograms, have formed the foundation of written communication in China for over 3,000 years. This unique writing system is one of the oldest still in use today. Unlike alphabetic writing, Chinese characters represent whole words or ideas, not just sounds. The earliest evidence of Chinese writing comes from the Shang Dynasty (around 1200 BCE), where characters were carved on oracle bones—pieces of animal bone or turtle shell used for divination.

The development of Chinese characters was closely tied to religion, government, and daily life. The characters found on oracle bones recorded questions kings asked about the future, such as harvests or military campaigns. These early inscriptions give historians valuable primary sources to study ancient beliefs and practices. Over the centuries, the writing system evolved through several dynasties, including the Zhou, Qin, and Han. Each period brought changes to the form and use of characters. For example, during the Qin Dynasty (221–206 BCE), the First Emperor standardized the script, making it easier to govern a large empire. This standardization helped unify China and made communication more efficient across regions.

Writing in Chinese was not limited to the elite. Over time, more people learned to read and write, especially during the Han Dynasty when education expanded. Calligraphy, the art of beautiful writing, became a respected skill. Scribes and officials used brushes and ink to produce government records, poetry, and literature. Archaeological discoveries, such as bamboo slips and silk manuscripts, show how writing spread beyond royal courts. The structure of Chinese society also shaped the use of writing. Scholars and officials held high status because of their literacy, while farmers and craftspeople usually had less access to education. Still, the visual nature of characters made them recognizable to many, even those who could not write themselves.

Chinese characters have shown remarkable continuity over millennia. While the shapes and styles changed, the basic system stayed the same. Even today, people in China, Japan, and other parts of East Asia use characters descended from these ancient forms. The writing system connected people across different languages and dialects because the characters represent ideas, not just sounds. This helped preserve history, culture, and government records through times of war and peace.

The story of Chinese characters illustrates how geography, politics, and society interact to shape human communication. The system’s endurance highlights the importance of writing in building and maintaining civilizations. Studying Chinese characters gives insight into the achievements and daily life of ancient China, and connects to other ancient writing systems studied in world history.

Interesting Fact: The oldest known Chinese characters, found on oracle bones, sometimes include early versions of the word for "king" written as a simple stick figure with three horizontal lines!

When did Chinese writing first appear?

Around 1200 BCE500 BCE300 CE1000 CE

What material were oracle bones made from?

Animal bones or turtle shellsBamboo sticksClay tabletsPaper scrolls

Which dynasty unified the Chinese script?

Qin DynastyHan DynastyShang DynastyTang Dynasty

Why was standardizing writing important?

It unified the empireIt made farming easierIt helped trade with RomeIt improved food storage

What is calligraphy?

Art of beautiful writingMaking clay potsBuilding housesPainting pictures

How did characters help different regions?

Connected people speaking different dialectsMade farming easierCreated new foodsImproved boat building