When Mexico Took Over California — Reading Comprehension

In 1821, Mexico won its freedom from Spain. This was an important event for the people living in California. Until then, Spain had ruled California. Spanish leaders built many missions along the coast. At these missions, Spanish priests taught Native Americans about farming and religion. The Spanish also started large farms called ranchos. These ranchos raised cattle and grew crops.

When Mexico became independent, California became part of Mexico. Now, Mexican leaders were in charge. The missions changed. In 1833, the Mexican government passed a law called secularization. This law took land away from the missions. The land was given to new owners, mostly Mexican citizens and some soldiers. Many Native Americans lost their homes and work at the missions because of this change.

With more ranchos, the way of life in California changed. Ranchos became the center of work and family life. People on ranchos raised cattle for hides and tallow. The hides and tallow were traded with ships from other countries. Life on a rancho could be hard. Families worked together to care for animals and crops. Workers, called vaqueros, became famous for their skills with horses and cattle. The rancho owners, known as rancheros, often held parties and celebrations. These times brought people together and showed the spirit of the community.

Some people in California missed the old ways under Spain. Others liked the new Mexican rules. When American settlers began to arrive, they brought new ideas and wanted land. This caused new problems between the Mexican government, Native Americans, and newcomers. Over time, these problems grew.

One man said, "The country is changing fast. New people come every day." Changes in California set the stage for even bigger events later, like the Gold Rush and statehood.

Interesting Fact: California's famous "El Camino Real" was the main road connecting all the missions, and you can still travel parts of it today!

What year did Mexico gain independence?

Who started missions in California?

What law changed the missions in 1833?

Why did life on ranchos change after 1821?

What did vaqueros do?

What caused new problems in California?

California became part of Mexico in 1821. True or false?

What is tallow?