Characteristics of Amphibians — Reading Comprehension

Imagine an animal that can live in two very different worlds: the cool, wet depths of a pond and the drier, sunlit world of land. These incredible creatures are called amphibians! The word "amphibian" actually means "double life," which perfectly describes how they survive. Amphibians are a type of vertebrate, meaning they have a backbone, just like fish, birds, and mammals.

One of the most defining amphibian characteristics is their skin. It's usually smooth, thin, and always moist. This special skin helps them breathe by absorbing oxygen directly from the air or water. Because their skin needs to stay wet, amphibians often live near water sources like ponds, rivers, or damp forests. 

They are also cold-blooded, which means their body temperature changes with the temperature of their surroundings.

The amphibian life cycle is truly amazing. Most amphibians start their lives in water as eggs. These eggs hatch into larvae, often called tadpoles if they are frogs or toads. Tadpoles have gills, just like fish, to breathe underwater. But as they grow, they undergo a fascinating transformation called metamorphosis. During metamorphosis, tadpoles lose their gills, develop lungs for breathing air, and grow legs. Their bodies change from being perfectly adapted for water to being able to live on land, though they still need to keep their skin moist.

Common amphibians you might know include frogs, toads, salamanders, and newts. Each has unique adaptations that help them survive. For example, frogs have strong hind legs for jumping, while salamanders have long bodies and tails to help them swim and move through leaf litter. Understanding these structures and functions helps us appreciate the intricate ways these animals thrive in their environments.

Interesting Fact: Some amphibians, like certain salamanders, can regrow lost limbs or tails, a remarkable ability for survival.

What does the word "amphibian" mean?

What special body part helps tadpoles breathe underwater?

Why do amphibians often live near water?

Which characteristic allows amphibians to absorb oxygen through their skin?

How is a tadpole's breathing different from an adult frog's?

Amphibians are cold-blooded, meaning their body temperature stays the same regardless of their environment.

What is 'metamorphosis' as described in the passage?

If an amphibian lived in a very dry desert, what challenge would it face?