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Spider vs. Insect: Spot the Difference — Reading Comprehension

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This engaging, audio-integrated reading passage, "Spider vs. Insect: Spot the Difference," is designed for Grade 6 students to explore the fascinating anatomical distinctions between spiders and insects. It defines key terms like 'exoskeleton,' 'segmented bodies,' and 'antennae,' helping students understand the core features of these common arthropods. By highlighting differences in body segments, leg count, and sensory organs, the passage supports the NGSS standard MS-LS4-2, which focuses on applying scientific ideas to explain anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. The passage encourages close reading and critical thinking about biological classification, making complex concepts accessible and fun.

CONTENT PREVIEW

"Scheme ant worker anatomy-en" by Mariana Ruiz (LadyofHats) / Wikimedia Commons.

Imagine two small creatures scuttling across the ground. One is an eight-legged marvel, spinning intricate webs. The other buzzes by on six legs, perhaps searching for a flower. Both are tiny, often found in our homes and gardens, and sometimes we even call them 'bugs.' But are they the same? Absolutely not! While both belong to the larger group of arthropods, which are invertebrates with an exoskeleton, segmented bodies, and jointed appendages, spiders and insects have distinct features that set them apart. Understanding these differences helps us appreciate the incredible diversity of life on Earth.

One of the most obvious differences is the number of legs. Look closely: an insect, like a fly or a beetle, always has six legs. These legs are attached to the middle section of its body. A spider, on the other hand, is an arachnid, and all arachnids have eight legs. These eight legs are attached to their front body section.

Another key distinction lies in their body segments. Insects have three main body parts: the head, the thorax (middle section), and the abdomen (rear section). Each part has specialized functions. The head often has eyes, mouthparts, and antennae – sensory feelers used for touch, smell, and taste. The thorax holds the legs and, if present, wings. The abdomen contains digestive and reproductive organs. Spiders, however, have only two main body segments. Their head and thorax are fused together into one section called the cephalothorax, and then they have the abdomen. This means spiders do not have a distinct head like insects do.

What about antennae? Insects almost always have them. Think about an ant feeling its way or a butterfly tasting with its antennae. Spiders do not have antennae. Instead, they have two small, leg-like appendages near their mouth called pedipalps, which they use for sensing, manipulating food, and sometimes even reproduction. Also, most insects have compound eyes, which are made up of many small lenses. Spiders usually have simple eyes, often eight of them, arranged in different patterns depending on the species.

So, the next time you see a creature crawling or flying, take a moment to count its legs, look for antennae, and observe its body segments. You'll be able to tell if you've spotted an insect or a spider, and you'll know a little more about the amazing biodiversity around us, connecting these anatomical differences to their evolutionary paths.

Interesting Fact: While most insects have wings, no spider species in the world has wings for flight.

How many legs do insects typically have?

SixEightFourTen

What is the fused head and thorax of a spider called?

AbdomenThoraxCephalothoraxPedipalp

True or False: Spiders have antennae.

TrueFalse

Which characteristic is unique to insects?

ExoskeletonEight legsThree body segmentsJointed appendages

Based on the passage, what is an arthropod?

Vertebrate with wingsInvertebrate with exoskeletonAnimal with furPlant-eating insect

Why are pedipalps important for spiders?