How the Body Absorbs Nutrients — Reading Comprehension
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3
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Standards
NGSS 4-LS1-1
LS1.A
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This learning resource is available in interactive and printable formats. The interactive worksheet can be played online and assigned to students. The Printable PDF version can be downloaded and printed for completion by hand.
This 250-word reading passage introduces fourth-grade students to the process of nutrient absorption in the human body, aligned with NGSS standard 4-LS1-1 and Disciplinary Core Ideas LS1.A. Students learn how nutrients—the tiny, useful parts of food—pass from the small intestine into the bloodstream and travel to cells throughout the body. The passage explains how broken-down food moves from the stomach into a long, winding tube where absorption occurs. Using age-appropriate language and relatable examples, students discover why nutrients are essential for energy, growth, and health. The content includes bolded vocabulary terms with immediate definitions, helping students build scientific literacy. Audio-integrated features support diverse learners by providing text-to-speech functionality. Accompanying activities include multiple-choice comprehension questions, short-answer writing prompts, and graphic organizers that reinforce understanding of body systems and processes. A simplified differentiated version ensures accessibility for all reading levels. Spanish translations of both passages support English language learners. This resource provides foundational knowledge necessary for hands-on investigations and classroom discussions about how organisms obtain and use matter and energy to live and grow.
CONTENT PREVIEW
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Nutrients move from the small intestine into blood vessels to fuel cells.
After food leaves your stomach, it moves into a long, winding tube called the small intestine. The small intestine is where your body absorbs the useful parts of food. By the time food reaches this tube, it has been broken down into a soupy mixture. This mixture contains nutrients—the tiny pieces of food that your body needs to survive.
Nutrients are important because they give your body energy, help you grow, and keep you healthy. Your body needs nutrients the way a car needs gasoline to run. The small intestine has special walls with tiny finger-like bumps that help absorb nutrients. These bumps are like thousands of little sponges soaking up what your body needs.
Once nutrients pass through the walls of the small intestine, they enter tiny tubes called blood vessels. The blood acts like a delivery truck, carrying nutrients to every cell in your body. Cells are the tiny building blocks that make up your skin, muscles, bones, and organs. Each cell uses nutrients to do its job and keep you alive.
This is the moment when food actually becomes fuel for your body. Without absorption in the small intestine, the food you eat would just pass through without helping you at all.
Interesting Fact: Your small intestine is about 20 feet long—that's longer than most cars! If you stretched it out, it would be taller than a two-story building.
Where does food go after the stomach?
Into the small intestineInto the lungsInto the heartOut of the body
What are nutrients?
Large pieces of undigested foodTiny useful parts of foodWater in your stomachBones in your body
What do blood vessels do?
Break down food into soupCarry nutrients to body cellsStore extra foodMake your heart beat
Why does the body need nutrients?
To make food taste betterTo give energy and help growthTo make blood redTo keep food in stomach
How do nutrients leave the small intestine?
They stay there foreverThey go back to stomachThey pass through intestine wallsThey turn into water
What are cells?
Large organs like the heartTiny building blocks of bodyTypes of food nutrientsBlood vessels in intestine
The small intestine is about 20 feet long.
TrueFalse
What does absorb mean in this passage?
To chew food completelyTo soak up or take inTo push food outTo make food cold
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