This learning resource is available in interactive and printable formats. The interactive worksheet can be played online and assigned to students. The Printable PDF version can be downloaded and printed for completion by hand.
This engaging science passage, titled "What is Sound Energy?", is designed for 4th-grade students and aligns with the NGSS disciplinary core concept of PS3.A: Definitions of Energy. The text introduces the fundamental idea that sound is a form of energy related to motion. It clearly explains key scientific terms such as **vibration**—the rapid back-and-forth movement that causes all sound—and describes how this motion creates a wave that transfers the energy from a source to a listener's ear. The passage provides easy-to-understand examples and includes a fun fact to maintain student interest. To support **reading comprehension** and assess learning at various levels, it is accompanied by a set of eight carefully crafted multiple-choice questions. These questions span Webb's Depth of Knowledge levels, from simple recall (DOK 1) and inferential thinking (DOK 2) to practical application of the concepts to new scenarios (DOK 3). This educational resource is a great tool for teaching fundamental concepts of **physical science** and **motion energy** in an accessible way.
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What Is Sound Energy?
Sound energy is the energy made when something vibrates, or moves back and forth very quickly. These fast movements are called vibrations. When an object vibrates, like a guitar string or a drum, it also makes the air around it vibrate.
How Does Sound Work?
When something vibrates, it pushes on the air around it. These pushes make the air molecules move, kind of like dominoes knocking into each other. The moving air creates waves that travel away from the sound. These waves move until they reach your ears.
Your ear is designed to catch these waves. When sound waves reach your ear, they make your eardrum vibrate, too. The vibrations travel to your brain, and your brain understands them as sound!
Exploring Sound
You can see and feel sound vibrations. Try plucking a rubber band and watch it wiggle. Put your hand on your throat as you talk and feel it vibrate. If you play music loudly, you can see a speaker cone move.
How Sound Travels
Sound needs something to travel through. It can move through air, water, and solids. For example, whales sing underwater, and you can hear a desk tap by putting your ear on the desk. But in space, there is no air, so sound cannot travel. Space is silent!
Volume and Pitch
Volume is how loud a sound is. Bigger vibrations make louder sounds. Pitch is how high or low a sound is. Faster vibrations make higher sounds, while slower vibrations make lower sounds.
Sound Safety
Very loud sounds can hurt your ears. Always wear ear protection when you are around loud noises, like fireworks or concerts.
Interesting Fact: Sound travels faster through water than air. Thunder is the sound made when lightning heats the air until it explodes!
What makes sound energy?
VibrationsSunlightWaves in waterElectricity
Which part of the ear vibrates?
EardrumNoseTongueHair
What is volume?
How loud a sound isHow fast sound movesHow high sound isHow far sound travels