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Great Awakening Colonial America — Reading Comprehension

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This engaging history reading passage explores the impact of the Great Awakening on colonial America. Through analysis of causes, multiple perspectives, and consequences, students will learn how this religious revival fostered new ideas about equality and influenced the movement toward independence. Including a primary source quotation and vocabulary support, this passage supports historical thinking and close reading. Activities include a reading comprehension quiz, writing prompts, and graphic organizers. Spanish translation and a simplified version ensure accessibility for diverse learners. This resource is aligned with CA HSS 8.1.2 and Common Core standards RI.6.3, RI.6.4, and W.6.2, making it ideal for classrooms focused on US history and literacy skills. Includes a read aloud audio feature to support understanding.

CONTENT PREVIEW

The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry — Gilbert Tennent, along with George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards, was a leader of the First Great Awakening in the Middle Colonies. Wikimedia Commons (Public domain).

The Great Awakening was a widespread religious movement that changed colonial America in the 1730s and 1740s. During this period, many colonists began to question traditional forms of worship and authority. Instead, they sought a more personal and emotional connection to religion. This revival spread rapidly, crossing boundaries between colonies and social classes. The movement was marked by passionate sermons and gatherings that drew large crowds eager for spiritual renewal.

One of the main problems that the Great Awakening addressed was the decline in religious enthusiasm among colonists. Churches had become formal and strict, and many people felt disconnected from their faith. In response, evangelical preachers such as Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield traveled from town to town. These itinerant preachers were known for their powerful and emotional sermons. Unlike traditional ministers, they spoke directly to the listeners’ hearts, encouraging them to experience a personal conversion—a deep change in beliefs and behavior.

This movement challenged the existing religious and social order. Established church authorities, especially in the Anglican and Congregational churches, worried that these new ideas threatened their control. However, many ordinary colonists welcomed the message of spiritual equality. The Great Awakening encouraged people to think for themselves about faith and question traditional authority figures. This spirit of independence later influenced political attitudes and played a role in shaping ideas about freedom and equality in America.

The impact of the Great Awakening was significant and long-lasting. New churches and denominations, such as Baptists and Methodists, grew rapidly. The movement also contributed to a sense of unity among the colonies, as people from different regions shared similar religious experiences. Furthermore, the Great Awakening helped spread the idea that all individuals could have a direct relationship with God, regardless of social status or wealth. This belief challenged established hierarchies and inspired new discussions about rights and democracy.

In summary, the Great Awakening was not just a religious revival; it was also a catalyst for social and political change. By promoting emotional religion, encouraging independent thought, and challenging traditional authority, it helped lay the groundwork for the American Revolution. The movement’s legacy can still be seen today in American religious and cultural life.

Interesting Fact: Benjamin Franklin, though not especially religious, was so impressed by George Whitefield’s preaching that he once emptied his pockets into a collection plate.

When did the Great Awakening start?

1730s-1740s1600s1770s1800s

Who was a famous preacher during the Great Awakening?

Jonathan EdwardsBenjamin FranklinGeorge WashingtonAbigail Adams

Which new denominations grew rapidly?

Baptists and MethodistsAnglicans onlyPuritansQuakers only

Why did some church leaders oppose the movement?

It threatened their authorityIt increased taxesIt supported the kingIt banned religion

What effect did the Great Awakening have?

Encouraged independenceStopped colonists from travelingCreated new lawsEnded all churches

How did the movement unite the colonies?

Shared religious experiencesFought in warsBuilt shipsTraded goods