How We Use Coal for Energy

About this printable How We Use Coal for Energy science reading passage, NGSS-aligned (Grades 3-5)

This comprehensive 250-word reading passage introduces fourth-grade students to coal as an energy resource, aligned with NGSS standard 4-ESS3-1 and the Disciplinary Core Ideas for ESS3.A: Natural Resources. Students discover what coal is, how it formed from ancient plants millions of years ago, and how we use it today to generate electricity. The passage uses age-appropriate language and real-world examples to help students understand this important energy source. Audio-integrated features support diverse learners, while the simplified differentiated version ensures all students can access the core science concepts. Accompanying activities include an 8-question multiple-choice quiz testing recall, comprehension, and vocabulary; three short-answer writing prompts requiring students to explain, apply, and connect concepts; and two graphic organizers (Sequence/Process Table and Advantages/Disadvantages Table) that help students visualize coal formation and energy use. Spanish translations of both passage versions support English language learners. This resource builds foundational understanding of energy resources and prepares students for hands-on investigations about natural resources and their uses in our daily lives.

Written by Workybooks TeamPublished by Workybooks

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Sample passage and quiz from How We Use Coal for Energy

Close-up of glowing charcoal briquettes ready for outdoor barbecue grilling.

Coal is a black or brown rock that we find deep underground. Coal is a special type of rock because it can be burned to produce electricity that powers our homes, schools, and communities.

Coal formed from plants that lived millions of years ago. When these ancient plants died, they fell into swamps and were covered by layers of dirt and rock. Over millions of years, heat and pressure from the earth changed these plant remains into coal. This process is similar to how a heavy stack of books pressing down on a piece of paper can flatten it, except it takes much, much longer and happens deep inside the earth.

Today, people dig coal out of the ground in places called mines. A mine is like a tunnel or large hole where workers use special machines to remove coal from underground. The coal is then transported to power plants, which are buildings with large machines that burn coal to make electricity.

When coal burns, it releases energy in the form of heat. This heat boils water to make steam, and the steam spins large wheels called turbines. When turbines spin, they create electricity that travels through wires to our homes. This electricity lets us turn on lights, use computers, and keep our food cold in refrigerators.