How We Use Natural Gas for Energy — Reading Comprehension
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Grades
3
4
5
Standards
NGSS 4-ESS3-1
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This learning resource is available in interactive and printable formats. The interactive worksheet can be played online and assigned to students. The Printable PDF version can be downloaded and printed for completion by hand.
This 250-word reading passage introduces fourth-grade students to natural gas as an important energy resource. Aligned with NGSS standard 4-ESS3-1 (Earth and Human Activity), the passage explains how natural gas formed millions of years ago from tiny plants and animals, where it is found underground near oil deposits, and its three main uses: cooking food, heating homes and buildings, and generating electricity at power plants. The passage uses grade-appropriate vocabulary and concrete examples to help students understand this fossil fuel energy source. Students learn that natural gas must be brought to the surface through drilling and transported through underground pipelines. The content builds foundational knowledge about energy resources and prepares students for discussions about how humans obtain and use Earth's resources. Audio-integrated features support diverse learners, while the simplified differentiated version provides access for students reading below grade level. Companion activities include comprehension questions, writing prompts, and graphic organizers that reinforce understanding of natural gas formation, extraction, and uses in everyday life.
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A natural gas drilling rig extracting fuel from deep underground to supply energy for everyday use. Image Credit by anita_starzycka / Pixabay.
Natural gas is an important energy source that people use every day. Natural gas is a fuel that burns easily and gives off heat and light. It is found deep underground in layers of rock.
Natural gas formed millions of years ago. Tiny plants and animals died and sank to the bottom of ancient oceans. Over time, layers of sand and mud covered them. Heat and pressure from the Earth slowly changed these remains into natural gas and oil. This is why natural gas is called a fossil fuel—a fuel made from the remains of living things from long ago. Natural gas is often found near oil deposits, which are underground pools of oil.
People must drill deep into the ground to reach natural gas. Once brought to the surface, the gas travels through underground pipelines—long tubes that carry the gas from place to place.
Natural gas has three main uses. First, many homes use natural gas for cooking. The blue flame you see on a gas stove comes from burning natural gas. Second, natural gas heats homes and buildings during cold weather. Third, power plants burn natural gas to make electricity. The heat from burning gas turns water into steam, which spins machines called turbines to generate electricity.
Natural gas is a valuable resource because it provides energy for cooking, heating, and electricity that millions of people depend on daily.
Where is natural gas found?
On top of mountainsDeep underground in rocksIn rivers and lakesAbove the clouds
How did natural gas form?
From rain and snowFrom volcanic eruptionsFrom dead plants and animalsFrom melting ice
What carries natural gas from place to place?
Trucks and trainsUnderground pipelinesAirplanesRivers
Why do power plants use natural gas?
To make water cleanerTo grow plants fasterTo make electricityTo build stronger buildings
What happens at a power plant?
Heat from gas makes steam spin turbinesGas is turned into waterElectricity is turned into gasSteam is cooled into ice